Mucosal Immunity

Regulating T Cells

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Reading Time: 8 minutes
Our immune systems are heavily invested in the generation of immune tolerance (Immune tolerance is known as the state of an active, highly regulated…

Vitamin A and Immune Specificity

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Reading Time: 3 minutes
Homeostasis — literally ‘standing still’ — describes the mechanisms by which all biological systems maintain stability. In effect this is the position at which…

Vitamin A: Friend or Foe

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Reading Time: 6 minutes
It is well established that high retinoic acid (RA)  levels leads to teratogenic effects both in human and experimental models. Brain abnormalities such as…

Pass the POO/Medicine

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Reading Time: 15 minutes
Faecal Bacteria As many will know if they read the reviews I compile, I have an over 20 year interest in the role of…